They claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a Bush political intimate, was undermining conservative initiatives in the administration. Screw them, they dont vote for us, Baker recalled replying. Texas on the Potomac: James "Jim" Addison Baker, III. In this telling, the target of his ire was an interest group, not Jews as a whole. After graduating from the University of Texas School of Law, he pursued a legal career. . The book also shows how much the Republican Partys approach to Israel has changed over recent decades. Focusing on U.S. space policy and the future of space travel. Haaretz Daily Newspaper Ltd. All Rights Reserved, the fight in Congress over the loan guarantees. He served until May 1976, ran Ford's 1976 presidential campaign, and unsuccessfully sought election as the Attorney General of Texas. Mary Stuart Baker (Mary Stuart was her full first name) died of breast cancer in February 1970. Bush. Baker was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. The conference is covered extensively in the book, ending with a quote by James Baker telling his close aides he would like to move even further on the peace process after helping Bush win reelection. Bush, as well as Reagan's treasury secretary and Bush's secretary of state, told his biographers Susan Glasser and Peter Baker (no relation) during a virtual event Friday that he supports . "It was functioning perfectly," Lubas said. Major gifts provide the funds necessary for the Baker Institute to explore new areas of study and research, and expand current programs. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Baker, U.S. Department of State - Office of the Historian - Biography of James Addison III Baker, Miller Center - Biography of James A. Baker, James Addison Baker - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Iraq Study Group before U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee. In 1975, he was appointed Under Secretary of Commerce for Gerald Ford. Bush administration. A 2008 film Recount covers the days following the controversial election. James Baker III's Grandchild Dies in Whirlpool By Josh White June 19, 2002 The 7-year-old granddaughter of former secretary of state James A. Baker III died when she became trapped in a. He also played a role in the development of the American Silver Eagle and American Gold Eagle coins, which both were released in 1986. James A. Baker, III, has served in senior government positions under three United States presidents. He called on the Palestinians to renounce violence and recognize Israel, but also called on the Israeli leadership to lay aside, once and for all, the unrealistic vision of a Greater Israel.. In 1993 Baker became the founding chair of the James A. Baker III Institute of Public Policy at Rice University in Houston, Texas. During his tenure at the State Department, Baker traveled to 90 foreign countries as the United States confronted the unprecedented challenges and opportunities of the postCold War era. Doubleday; 720 pages; $35. James Addison Baker III, 61st Secretary of State Rise to Prominence Born in Texas on April 28, 1930, Baker attended prep school in Pennsylvania, and went on to graduate from Princeton University in 1952. [52], Baker began service on the Rice University board of trustees in 1993.[53]. Get email notification for articles from Amir Tibon. [42] Bush would appoint another G. H. W. Bush Administration veteran, Robert Gates, instead, after the 2006 midterm elections. Baker attended The Kinkaid School in Houston, before graduating from The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. He received his J.D. According to the Bethesda-based Consumer Product Safety Commission, the risks are largely from older-model drains that do not employ suggested safety measures, such as a secondary drain or a specialized cover. "Thank you for being such a great leader for this country and for this department.". Bakers shuttle diplomacy, and his willingness to enter into heated political fights with Israels supporters in Washington, eventually led to the convening of the Madrid Conference in 1991 an important breakthrough in the peace process and one of the greatest foreign policy achievements of the George H.W. His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts. His wife's influence led Baker to politics and the Republican Party. When youre serious about peace, call us., A day later, the authors note, Baker sent flowers to the White House operators to apologize for subjecting them to a flood of calls by giving out their phone number instead of his own. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. In 1973, Baker and Susan Garrett Winston, a divorcee and a close friend of Mary Stuart, were married. In this August 11, 1990 file photo, President George H. W. Bush is pictured with his advisers on the Middle East crisis, including Secretary of State James Baker III, right. Baker, however, was happy with the reception, The tension between the two governments became a full-blown crisis a year later in 1990 when, as described in the book, a deputy foreign minister named Benjamin Netanyahu openly assailed the United States for being too gullible in its dealings with the Palestinians., Netanyahu, then in his early 40s and a rising star in Likud, said in remarks to the media: It is astonishing that a superpower like the United States, which was supposed to be the symbol of political fairness and international honesty, is building its policy on a foundation of distortion and lies.. He was previously married to Mary Stuart McHenry. Baker met his first wife, the former Mary Stuart McHenry, of Dayton, Ohio, while on spring break in Bermuda with the Princeton University rugby team. His friends . . However, Baker changed his mind about running for Congress when his wife was diagnosed with breast cancer; she died in February 1970. He is also the honorary chair of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University in Houston, Texas. Bush asked him to run Bushs political campaign for the U.S. Senate. Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. Staff writer Maria Glod contributed to this report. Baker married his first wife Mary Stuart McHenry in 1953. James Addison Baker III[note 1] (born April 28, 1930)[1] is an American attorney, diplomat and statesman. From 1997 to 2004, Baker served as the personal envoy of United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan to seek a political solution to the conflict over Western Sahara. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [5] He was a member of Phi Delta Theta. Long active in American presidential politics, Baker led presidential campaigns for Presidents Ford, Reagan and Bush over the course of five consecutive presidential elections from 1976 to 1992. Baker served as Undersecretary of Commerce under President Gerald Ford in 1975, and ran Ford's unsuccessful re-election campaign in 1976. Bush and Baker had a strained relationship with Israeli leaders from the start, the book explains. The tall Texan with the impassive stare ranks as the only person to have served as White House chief of staff,. [19] Bush and US defence secretary Dick Cheney were proponents for Soviet dissolution. James Addison Baker III was born in Houston at 1216 Bissonnet St., the son of James A. Baker Jr. (1892-1973) and Ethel Bonner (ne Means) Baker (August 6, 1894 - April 26, 1991). However, Baker changed his mind about running when his wife was diagnosed with cancer. [25] As far back as 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) issued a "declaration of statehood" and changed the name of its observer delegation to the United Nations from the PLO to Palestine. His wife, Susan, listens at right. He earned a law degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1957 and then joined a major Houston law firm, eventually becoming a partner in it. . Geni requires JavaScript! Advancing data-based policies that promote health and well-being in the U.S. and around the world. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. His positions on Israel would be considered anti-Israeli, perhaps even heretic, in todays GOP and the former secretary of state knows it. James Addison Baker III was born in Houston at 1216 Bissonnet St., the son of James A. Baker Jr. (1892-1973) and Ethel Bonner (ne Means) Baker (August 6, . Baker was a member of the United States Marine Corps from 1952 to 1954, attaining the rank of first lieutenant as a naval gunfire officer serving in the Mediterranean Sea aboard the USSMonrovia. Ron Sachs/CNP for NY Post After leaving the FBI, Twitter seemed eager to hire Baker. By Peter Baker and Susan Glasser. Rising from a comfortable beginning, James A. Baker, III took his A native Houstonian, Baker graduated from Princeton University in 1952. In some cases, children who are trying to hold their breath underwater get pulled in and can't get out. December 12, 2006. Baker managed Reagan's 1984 re-election campaign in which Reagan polled a record 525 electoral votes total (of 538 possible), and received 58.8 percent of the popular vote to Walter Mondale's 40.6 percent. Stop settlement activity. BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR: The New York Times The Washington Post Fortune BloombergFrom two of America's most revered political journalists comes the definitive biography of legendary White House chief of staff and secretary of state James A. Baker III: the man who ran Washington when Washington ran the world.For a quarter-century, from the end of Watergate to the aftermath of the Cold . The first James Addison Baker arrived in Texas in 1852, a 31-year-old widower who came from Alabama at the urging of his late wife's family. In August 1975, he was appointed Under Secretary of Commerce by President Gerald Ford, succeeding John K. ", In May 1989, he gave a speech at the annual conference of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee. Bush then encouraged Baker to become active in politics to help deal with the grief, something Bush had done when his daughter, Pauline Robinson (19491953), died of leukemia. Baker, Peter, and Glasser, Susan, The Man Who Ran Washington Doubleday, 2020, at pp. He and his wife, the former Susan Garrett, currently reside in Houston and have eight children and 17 grandchildren. The Iraq Study Group examined a number of ideas, including one that would create a new power-sharing arrangement in Iraq that would give more autonomy to regional factions. Many of Baker's concerns proved correct, and the project became a key factor in the company's downfall. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. In 2000, Baker served as chief legal adviser for George W. Bush during the 2000 presidential election campaign and oversaw the Florida recount. What are James Bakers views on the future of international collaboration? James A. Baker III interview for Frontline. A Republican Party campaign leader, James Addison Baker, III (born 1930) helped elect as president both Ronald Reagan and George Bush. [34], Also in 1993, Baker joined Baker Botts as a senior partner, as well as the Carlyle Group (with the title of senior counsel).[35]. [41], State of Denial, a book by investigative reporter Bob Woodward, says that White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card urged President Bush to replace Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld with Baker following the 2004 presidential election. James Baker's son, Robert III, was the ancestor of the Hancock Co. Bakers. [33] During his time at Enron, Baker tried to warn against the company's involvement with the Dabhol Power Station in India. Well, AIPAC wont like that, someone said. In 1973, Baker and Susan Garrett Winston, a close friend of Mary Stuart's, were married. In 1995, Baker published his memoirs of service as Secretary of State in a book entitled The Politics of Diplomacy: Revolution, War and Peace, 19891992 (.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}ISBN0-399-14087-5). President George H.W. Originally Baker had been a Democrat, although he had been too busy trying to succeed in a competitive law firm to worry about politics and he considered himself apolitical. Two weeks later still more settlements were announced, the authors write. Phone: 713-348-4683 They have one child. Mary had breast cancer in 1968 and died in February 1970 when . In 1978, with George H. W. Bush as his campaign manager, Baker ran unsuccessfully for Attorney General of Texas, losing to future Texas governor Mark White. John C. Baker. James Baker serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for the World Justice Project. James A. Baker, III entered the world in 1930 as the son, grandson, and great-grandson of distinguished lawyers all named James A. Baker,2 who each made a good living working at the Baker Botts law firm (formed by Baker's great-grandfather) in Houston. In an essay that James Baker wrote in 2018 for the Encyclopdia Britannica Anniversary Edition: 250 Years of Excellence, he argued that international collaboration is essential for humankind to solve such problems as climate change and weapons proliferation: All of these challenges are global in nature, and, as a result, each will require global solutions. Adventures and Lessons from an Unexpected Public Life Hardcover - October 5, 2006 by James Baker III (Author) 87 ratings Kindle $14.99 Read with Our Free App Hardcover $24.42 65 Used from $1.45 8 New from $19.90 2 Collectible from $29.96 Paperback They married in 1953. James Baker III, Self: The American Ruling Class. 15 of 23 16 of 23 James Baker III speaks to King Abdullah II of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Thursday afternoon during an appearance at Rice University. Baker was the Republican co-chair along with Democratic Representative Lee H. Hamilton, to advise Congress on Iraq. Secretary Bakers position used to be fairly standard among Republicans, but the party, led especially by President Trump, has moved away from him to the point where loyalty to Israel is seen as a litmus test.. Sep 24th 2020. "It was cleaned and inspected the day before the party.". Baker also served on Reagan's National Security Council, and remained Treasury Secretary until 1988, during which time he also served as campaign chairman for George H. W. Bush's successful presidential bid. Son of James A. Baker, Jr. and Ethel Bonner Baker. Baker blocked the creation of Palestine by threatening to cut funding to agencies in the United Nations: As far back as 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) issued a "declaration of statehood and changed the name of its observer delegation to the United Nations from the PLO to Palestine. James Addison Baker III, born 28 Apr 1930 Date 1989 Type Photograph Medium Color photograph on paper Dimensions Sheet: 35.6 27.9cm (14 11") Credit Line National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Time magazine Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply Copyright William Coupon Object number NPG.90.TC16 Collection Description Though Bush lost to Lloyd Bentsen in the election, Baker continued in politics, becoming the finance chairman of the Texas Republican Party in 1971. [44] The Iraq Study Group examined a number of ideas, including one that would create a new power-sharing arrangement in Iraq that would give more autonomy to regional factions. 492, 505. [19] Soviet states forced action by holding referendums on independence. Reagan rejected the Phillips-Wright request, but in 1985, he named Baker as United States Secretary of the Treasury, in a job-swap with then Secretary Donald T. Regan, a former Merrill Lynch officer who became Chief of Staff. [citation needed], His son, James A. Baker III, is the political figure especially known from the Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush administrations. One morning in March [of 1991], Baker woke up to see a screaming headline on the cover of the New York Post: BAKERS 4-LETTER INSULT: Secretary of State Rips Jews in Meeting at White House., The sensational headline led readers to a column by Ed Koch, the former mayor of New York who had become a tabloid columnist. A Republican Party campaign leader, James Addison Baker, III (born 1930) helped elect as president both Ronald Reagan and George Bush. On September 11, 2001, Baker watched television coverage of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon from the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Washington DC, where Baker and representatives of Osama bin Laden's family were among those attending the annual conference for the Carlyle Group. During the Reagan administration, Baker also served on the Economic Policy Council, where he played an instrumental role in achieving the passage of the administration's tax and budget reform package in 1981. Contact him at bipp@rice.edu or (281) 348-4683. Baker attended The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. High-Powered D.C. Bush Changed the Face of the Middle East. According to the new biography, its far from certain those words were actually ever used by Baker. Bush appointed Baker Secretary of State in 1989. He was previously married to Mary Stuart McHenry. To promote greater safety in pools and spas, Nancy Baker gave testimony to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and James Baker helped form an advocacy group, which led to the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool And Spa Safety Act (15 USC 8001). The 7-year-old granddaughter of former secretary of state James A. Baker III died when she became trapped in a whirlpool and drowned in McLean, Fairfax County police said yesterday. He later gave informal advice to Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign and suggested the appointment of Rex Tillerson as Secretary of State. Though Bush lost to Lloyd Bentsen in the election, Baker continued in politics, becoming the Finance Chairman of the Republican Party in 1971. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. "Profiles: The Tactician". Former secretary of state James Baker considered voting for Joe Biden in November but will instead keep backing Donald Trump, a new biography reveals, in the process outlining a key reason for. He became a close friend of George H. W. Bush and worked for Bush's unsuccessful 1970 campaign for the United States Senate. In 1982, conservative activists Howard Phillips (founder of the Conservative Caucus) and Clymer Wright of Houston joined in an unsuccessful effort to convince Reagan to dismiss Baker as chief of staff. Going it alone is not an option.. Israel, a country Baker visited countless times during his four years as President George H.W. His memoir, Work Hard, Studyand Keep Out of Politics!, was published in 2006. Baker is considered to have had a high degree of influence over the first Reagan administration, particularly in domestic policy. Also, his son William Winston, though not as yet called up, was in the Army Special Forces. Reagan appointed Baker as his White House Chief of Staff, and Baker remained in that position until 1985, when he became the Secretary of the Treasury. Baker attended The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. D URING THE confusion that followed the attempt on . He has said that to be an honest broker means the United States should not be perceived as too one-sided. At one level it narrowly focuses both on verbal commitments made by the US secretary of state James Baker under President George HW Bush and the terms of a treaty signed on 12 September 1990 .
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